Clover Seed

O'Connors Strawberry Clover (Trifolium fragiferum) is a small-leaved, deep rooted, Perennial Clover that demonstrates a prostrate growth habit. It has adapted to a wide range of soil types. O'Connors will provide good spring, summer and autumn production, but growth during the winter period is slow. Seedling vigour of plants is low and therefore will require careful management during the establishment period. Once established, O'Connors will persist better under heavy grazing pressure than White Clover and generally does not suffer significantly from many insects or diseases that can commonly attack other Clovers. While O'Connors is generally not as productive as other Clover species it is one of the best Clovers to tolerate waterlogged, saline and alkaline environments, and is an excellent alternative crop for these conditions.

Hykon (Trifolium hirtum) is a deep-rooted, hard-seeded Annual Clover with a semi-erect to erect growth habit. It is well adapted to low fertile, acid soils that are well drained as it will not tolerate waterlogging. Hykon demonstrates early maturity, which, in combination with acid soil tolerance, allows it to be an excellent alternative to Annual Medics in low rainfall environments. Hykon's deep-rooting nature allows it to produce good levels of herbage production after a dry period and is a suitable alternative in marginal rainfall areas, compared to other shallow rooting legume species such as Sub-Clover. Hykon is palatable, non-bloating and suited to moderate grazing. Winter production can be slow but Hykon will tolerate frost and provides excellent spring growth. Hykon is suited to medium to long-term paddock rotations and will provide the benefits of soil nitrogen whilst also providing an effective disease break.

Elite II (Trifolium alexandrinum) is an erect, late maturing, soft-seeded, Annual Berseem Clover suited for use as a grazing/fodder crop in high rainfall or irrigated environments. Elite II produces slender, hollow, branched stems and trifoliate leaves. It has vigorous winter growth with a spring flush. It is particularly productive on heavy soils and can withstand periods of waterlogging. Berseem Clover, also known as Egyptian Clover, is sometimes refered to as Annual Lucerne because it produces very high quality protein fodder similar to that of Lucerne. The added benefit of Berseem Clover is that it is not known to cause bloat. Elite II can provide multiple grazing or hay cuts from late autumn to late spring. To maximise herbage production stands should be sown in the autumn as early as possible. Elite II provides added benefits as a disease break whilst fixing soil nitrogen.

Quest (Trifolium repens) is a winter active, large leaf perennial White Clover that provides good quantities of high protein palatable forage acceptable to all classes of stock. Quest was derived from several elite lines with selection based on superior herbage production, persistence and resistance to pests and diseases. It has a semi-erect to erect growth habit and has superior autumn, winter and spring production compared to varieties such as Haifa. Quest has a very high stolon density and will provide large quantities of high quality feed for stock throughout the year. Unlike most other large leaved White Clovers, Quest demonstrates excellent persistence and productivity under grazing. This makes Quest better suited to long-term grazing rotations, particularly under sheep. It can be grown well in combination with various Temperate and Sub-Tropical grasses, which will assist in providing a balanced diet. Quest will also provide excellent levels of soil nitrogen in to the soil profile along with providing an effective disease break.

York is a black-seeded Sub-Clover which belongs to the Trifolium subterraneum ssp. subterraneum family. It demonstrates a prostrate to semi-erect growth habit and persists well on various soil types. It has early to mid season maturity that makes it well suited to growing regions of 5-7 months with medium rainfall. York was developed as a replacement for Seaton Park demonstrating higher hard seed levels, improved early season production and persistence. York's hard seed levels make it suitable for either permanent pasture or short to medium term cropping rotations. York will provide the benefits of soil nitrogen along with an effective disease break.

Trikkala is a large, cream-seeded Sub-Clover that belongs to the Trifolium subterraneum ssp. yanninicum family. It demonstrates a prostrate to semi-erect growth habit, persists well on moderate to heavy soil types, and will tolerate periods of waterlogging. Trikkala demonstrates early to mid season maturity which makes it suited for medium rainfall environments. It demonstrates good seedling vigour and will provide excellent growth during the winter and early spring period. Trikkala can be grown in areas with a 5-6 month growing period and can be used in short term cereal rotations. It has been superseded by superior varieties with improved disease resistance and herbage production. Trikkala will provide the benefits of soil nitrogen whilst providing an effective disease break.

Seaton Park is a black-seeded Sub-Clover that belongs to the Trifolium subterraneum ssp. subterraneum family. It demonstrates a prostrate to semi-erect growth habit and persists well on various soil types that are acidic. Seaton Park has early to mid season maturity which makes it well suited to low to medium rainfall areas. It is moderately hard-seeded, providing good levels of persistence and is suitable for either permanent pasture or short to medium-term cropping rotations, with a growing season of at least five months. Seaton Park will provide the benefits of soil nitrogen whilst providing an effective disease break.

Dalkeith belongs to the Trifolium subterraneum ssp. subterraneum family and demonstrates a prostrate to semi-erect growth habit and persists well on various soil types. It has early maturity requiring a minimum growing season of four months. It has a high hard seed level, which, in combination with its early maturity, makes it well suited to low rainfall cropping rotations. Dalkeith is a superior replacement to Daliak and has been well up-taken into the 350 to 600mm rainfall zones. It is susceptible to a range of diseases, however, most of these occur in higher rainfall environments.

Napier is a large, cream seeded Sub-Clover that belongs to the Trifolium subterranean ssp. yanninicum. Napier was derived from Greek accessions and is a sister line to Riverina. Field evaluation and selections were undertaken as part of the National Annual Pasture Legume Improvement Program. Napier demonstrates a prostrate to semi erect growth habit, persists well on moderate to heavy soil types, and will tolerate periods of water logging. It demonstrates late season maturity and is suited to high rainfall environments with growing seasons longer than 8 months. Napier was selected as a replacement for Larissa and Meteora with increased hard seed levels and superior winter and spring production. This high level of hard seed protects against false breaks and makes Napier well suited to either permanent pasture or medium to long term cereal rotations. Napier will provide the benefits of soil nitrogen along with an effective disease break.

Morbulk (Trifolium resupinatum var. majus) is a soft seeded Persian Clover with a semi erect growth habit that demonstrates mid to late season maturity. This maturity makes Morbulk well suited to areas with a long growing season. It is as productive as Maral Persian Clover (Giant Shaftal) in late spring but will signifi cantly out produce Maral during the winter and early spring periods. Morbulk produces large numbers of thin walled, hollowed stems which contribute to the erect and bushy appearance. It is also well adapted to various soil types and tolerant to waterlogging and mild soil salinity. Morbulk is a very palatable and highly digestible feed (16-24% crude protein) that is well suited to multiple hay cuts, grazing or silage production and can be successfully used in pasture mixes with ryegrass or oats to increase winter production. Morbulk Persian Clover is an effective disease break in cropping rotations and has the ability to fix high levels of soil nitrogen. Morbulk will also assist in management of problem weeds including those that are herbicide resistant.

Maral (Trifolium resupinatum var. majus) is a soft-seeded Persian Clover with a semi-erect growth habit that demonstrates late season maturity. This late maturity makes Maral well suited to areas with a long growing season. Maral produces large numbers of thin-walled, hollowed stems which contribute to its erect and bushy appearance. It is well adapted to various soil types, and tolerant to waterlogging and mild soil salinity. Maral is very palatable, highly digestible (16-24% crude protein) and is well suited to multiple hay cuts, grazing or silage production and can be successfully used in pasture mixes with ryegrass and oats to increase winter productivity. However, it produces less herbage and is more susceptible to rust infection compared to superior replacements such as Laser and Morbulk. Maral Persian Clover provides a good alternative crop that can provide an effective disease break in cropping rotations and has the ability to fix high levels of soil nitrogen. Persian Clover assists in management of problem weeds including those that are herbicide resistant.

Zulu II (Trifolium vesiculosum) is an Arrowleaf clover of mid season maturity that demonstrates early prostrate growth, becoming erect during the spring period and grows up to 1.2m tall. It produces thick stems with many tillers and large leaves with a distinctive V shape marking that is a characteristic of Arrowleaf clover. Zulu II is deep rooted and can extend its root system up to 1.5m into the soil profile which can source water from a perched water table. This will enable Zulu II to produce herbage long after traditional pastures have dried off and makes it a very valuable pasture where rainfall is likely to be insufficient for growth of various annuals and perennial legumes. Zulu II has excellent seed production ability and a high level of hard seed, which makes it well suited to long term cropping rotations. It has excellent tolerance to acid soils but will not persevere under extended conditions of waterlogging and thus heavy soils should be avoided. Arrowleaf clover can be used for hay, silage or green manure. Its tall erect growth habit makes it well suited to grass/oaten hay mixtures. Zulu II can provide high feed quality (18-22% Crude Protein) and is ideal for hay, with excellent production during the spring and early summer period and provides a low bloat risk for cattle.

Waverley (Trifolium repens) is a winter active, high yielding, large leaved, perennial White Clover that provides good quantities of high protein palatable forage acceptable to all classes of stock. Waverley was derived from production stands in the South East of South Australia with additional selection pressure for virus resistance and seed production. It demonstrates good seedling vigour with an erect growth habit and has superior autumn and winter herbage production over Haifa.Waverley produces well throughout the year with a growth flush in the spring and early summer. Being large leaved, Waverley is not as persistent compared to small and medium leaf White Clover. Set stocking particularly when grazing sheep reduces persistence similar to Haifa. It can be grown well in combination with various temperate and sub-tropical grasses, which will assist in providing a balanced diet. It will also provide excellent levels of soil nitrogen in to the soil profile along with providing an effective disease break.

Prima Gland (Trifolium glanduliferum) is a very small, hard-seeded clover with an erect growth habit. An aerial seeded clover, it produces a very distinctive light to dark pink flower that can reach 30-40cm tall. The hard-seeded nature of Prima Gland makes it well-suited to extended cropping rotations. Prima Gland demonstrates good frost tolerance and its early maturity makes it adaptable to lower rainfall environments. These characteristics along with Red Legged Earth Mite and waterlogging tolerance makes Prima a very adaptable variety that can be sown on its own or in mixtures with Sub-Clover, Medics, Serradella and other Annual Clovers to increase overall dry matter production. Prima has several advantages as a pasture variety in farm rotation compared to other earlier maturing Sub-Clover and Medic varieties. These advantages include better adaptability to a wider range of soil types, higher levels of hard seed to protect against false breaks and good resistance to Blue-Green Aphid and Red Legged Earth Mite. Prima is very well-suited to grazing, but if producing hay, it is recommended that Prima should only be made into hay as part of a pasture mix. This is due to lows levels of courmarin present creating potential animal health issues should hay spoilage occur at any stage. Even though the risk is low, hay production that has a high level of Prima Gland in it is at a greater risk of affecting stock health. It is thought that the courmarin contained in the plant provides protection against Red Legged Earth Mite.

Paradana (Trifolium michelianum) is an annual temperate pasture legume that grows during the autumn, winter and vigorously during spring. Paradana is a mid maturing hard seeded Annual Clover that is well suited to medium rainfall environments. It demonstrates semi-erect growth when grown in a mixed sward but the plant will remain prostrate if grown in a pure sward or when grazed. Leaf size, shape and markings vary significantly with some having strong leaf marks ranging in colour from white to silver, pink or green.
Paradana can provide good herbage production particularly in warm, moist spring conditions. However, it will not regenerate well if cut or grazed late in spring and will not produce as much late season herbage as Bolta Balansa. It is highly digestible (14-18% crude protein) and can be used on its own or in pasture mixtures that may consist of Persian Clover, Sub-Clover, Grasses or Lucerne. Paradana provides added benefi ts as a disease break while fixing nitrogen.

Nitro (Trifolium resupinatum var. resupinatum) is a hard seeded Persian Clover that has a semi prostrate growth habit and demonstrates early to mid season maturity. This will offer large benefi ts to growers in medium rainfall cropping zones where pasture options are normally restricted to either Medic or early maturing Sub-Clover varieties for pasture rotations. It has an indeterminate fl owering habit and can take full advantage of unseasonal rains late in the season. Nitro produces large numbers of thin walled, hollow stems and smaller leaves compared to soft seeded Persian Clover varieties, which contribute to the plants prostrate appearance. It is well adapted to a range of soil types but prefers heavy alkaline soils. Nitro will also tolerate waterlogging and mild soil salinity.
Nitro is very palatable and has a highly digestible feed (16-21% crude protein) that is well suited to hay, grazing or silage production and is very successful in pasture mixes with ryegrass or oats to increase dry matter production. It provides an effective disease break in cropping rotations and has the ability to fix high levels of soil nitrogen. Nitro will also assist in the management of problem weeds including those that are herbicide resistant.

Losa is a black seeded Sub-Clover that belongs to the Trifolium subterraneum ssp. subterraneum family and was derived from several elite lines of Sardinian germplasm and therefore is well suited to Mediterranean and temperate climates. Losa demonstrates a prostate to semi erect growth habit and persists well on various soil types. It has been selected for its superior early vigour and improved autumn and spring production compared to other early season varieties such as Dalkeith. Losa requires a minimum growing season of 4 months. Its early vigour allows for quick ground coverage which is extremely important in low rainfall situations. Losa is a suitable replacement to Daliak, Geraldton and Dalkeith. The early maturity and hard seed levels of Losa makes it suited to medium term cropping rotations. Losa will provide the benefits of soil nitrogen along with an effective disease break.

Lightning (Trifolium resupinatum var. majus) is a soft seeded Persian Clover with an erect growth habit that demonstrates mid season maturity and can provide high levels of early growth compared to other soft seeded Persian Clovers. This earlier maturity makes Lightning well suited to areas of medium rainfall. As Persian Clover has an indeterminate flowering habit, it can take full advantage of extended seasons should they occur. Lightning produces large numbers of thin walled, hollowed stems which contribute to the variety being erect and bushy in appearance.Lightning is well adapted to various soil types and is tolerant of waterlogging and mild soil salinity. It is very palatable and produces a highly digestible feed (16-24% crude protein) that is well suited to hay, grazing or silage production and can be successfully used in pasture mixes with ryegrass or oats to increase winter productivity. Lightning Persian Clover is an effective disease break in cropping rotations and has the ability to fix high levels of soil nitrogen. Lightning will also assist in management of problem weeds including those that are herbicide resistant.

Laser (Trifolium resupinatum var. majus) is a soft seeded Persian Clover with a semi erect to erect growth habit that demonstrates late season maturity. This late maturity makes Laser well suited to areas with a long growing season. Laser produces large numbers of thin walled, hollowed stems, which contribute to the erect and bushy appearance. It is also well adapted to various soil types, tolerant to waterlogging and mild soil salinity. Laser was developed as a superior replacement for Maral providing improved herbage production and Rust resistance. Laser is very palatable, highly digestible (16-24% crude protein) and is well suited to multiple hay cuts, grazing or silage production and can be successfully used in pasture mixes with ryegrass or oats to increase winter production. Laser Persian Clover is an effective disease break in cropping rotations and has the ability to fix high levels of soil nitrogen. Laser Persian Clover will also assist in management of problem weeds including those that are herbicide resistant.

Kyambro (Trifolium resupinatum var. resupinatum) is a very hard seeded Persian Clover that has a semi erect growth habit which becomes prostrate under grazing. Its main herbage production occurs from September to November confirming Kyambros mid season maturity. As Kyambro has an indeterminate flowering habit, it can take full advantage of unseasonal rains late in the season.
Kyambro produces large numbers of thin walled, hollow stems and smaller leaves along with an abundance of lateral shoots compared to Maral (Giant Shaftal) Persian Clover. This contributes to the plants prostrate appearance. It is well adapted to a range of soil types but prefers heavy alkaline soils. Kyambro will also tolerate waterlogging and mild soil salinity. Kyambro is very palatable and a highly digestible feed (16-21% crude protein) that is well suited to hay, grazing or silage production and is very successful in pasture mixes with ryegrass or oats to increase dry matter production. It provides an effective disease break in cropping rotations and has the ability to fix high levels of soil nitrogen. Kyambro will also assist in the management of problem weeds including those that are herbicide resistant.

Haifa (Trifolium repens) is a large leaved perennial legume that provides good levels of autumn and winter forage production. It demonstrates good seedling vigour with an erect growth habit and is tolerant to hot conditions. Being large leaved, Haifa is not as persistent as small and medium leaf White Clovers and is therefore suited to medium term rotations (i.e. greater than 3 years). Haifa produces lower levels of plant stolons and is less tolerant to long term grazing rotations, particularly under sheep. Haifa is able to provide large quantities of high quality feed and can be grown well in combination with various temperate and sub-tropical grasses which will assist in providing a balanced diet. It will also provide excellent levels of soil nitrogen along with an effective disease break.

Gosse is a large white seeded Sub-Clover variety that belongs to the Trifolium subterraneum ssp. yanninicum family and was developed as part of the National Subterraneum Clover Improvement Program. Gosse demonstrates a prostrate to semi erect growth habit and is particularly well suited to moderate to heavy soils and is able to tolerate short periods of waterlogging. It has mid season maturity which makes Gosse suitable for medium to high rainfall zones. Gosse was developed as a replacement for Trikkala and as an alternative to Larissa. It is suited to regions with a 7 month growth period. It was selected for improved seedling vigour, increased hard seed, disease resistance, and winter and spring herbage production. The superior hard seed levels of Gosse makes it well suited to either permanent pasture or medium term cropping rotations. Gosse will provide the benefi ts of soil nitrogen along with an effective disease break.

Frontier (Trifolium michelianum) is an annual temperate pasture legume that grows during the autumn, winter and vigorously during spring. Frontier is an early maturing hard seeded Annual Clover that is well suited for medium to low rainfall environments. It demonstrates semi-erect growth when grown in a mixed sward but the plant will remain prostrate if grown as a pure sward or grazed. Leaf size, shape and markings vary significantly with some having strong leaf marks ranging in colour from white to silver, pink or green. Frontier can provide excellent early herbage production in medium rainfall zones. It was selected for its earlier flowering attribute and increased herbage production. Frontier has excellent seed yielding ability that ensures good regeneration and pasture density suited to heavy grazing. It is highly digestible (14-18% crude protein) and can be used on its own or in pasture mixtures that may consist of Persian Clover, Sub-Clover, Grasses or Lucerne. Frontier provides added benefits as a disease break while fixing nitrogen which is available in the soil for subsequent crops.

Denmark is a black seeded Sub-Clover that belongs to the Trifolium subterraneum ssp. subterraneum family. It was derived from material collected at Sardinia and released as part of the National Subterraneum Clover Improvement Program.
Denmark demonstrates a prostrate growth habit and persists well on moderate to heavy soil types. It has late season maturity which makes Denmark well suited to medium to high rainfall zones. Denmark is an alternative replacement for Karridale and Mount Barker selected for superior autumn and winter growth rates along with improved disease resistance and prefers regions with 7-8 month growing period. Seedlings of Denmark are generally smaller and more prostrate than that of Karridale and Mount Barker, however once established growth habit becomes erect during the spring. The levels of hard seed Denmark supply will vary depending on seasonal conditions but would be suitable for either permanent pasture or short to medium term crop rotations. Denmark will provide the benefits of soil nitrogen along with an effective disease break.

Clare is a black seeded Sub-Clover that belongs to the family of Trifolium subterranean ssp. brachycalycinum. It demonstrates an upright growth habit and persists well on moderate to heavy soil types that are neutral to alkaline. Clare has mid to late season maturity which makes it well-suited for medium to high rainfall zones. It has good seedling vigour and provides excellent growth during the winter and early spring period. Clare is suited for use as a permanent pasture in areas with a 7 month growing period or in a short term cereal rotation. It has now been superseded by superior varieties with improved hard seed levels and herbage production. Clare will provide the benefits of soil nitrogen whilst providing an effective disease break.

Cefalu (Trifolium vesiculosum) is an Annual Clover that demonstrates early prostrate growth, becoming erect during the spring period and grows up to 1.2m tall. It produces thick stems with many tillers and large leaves with a distinctive V shape marking that is a characteristic of Arrowleaf Clover. Cefalu is deep rooted and can extend its root system up to 1.5m into the soil profile sourcing water from a perched water table. This will enable Cefalu to produce herbage long after traditional pastures have dried off and makes it a very valuable pasture where rainfall is likely to be insufficient for growth of various annual and perennial legumes.
Cefalu has excellent seed production ability and a high level of hard seed, which makes it well suited to long term cropping rotations. It has excellent tolerance to acid soils but will not persevere under extended conditions of waterlogging and thus heavy soils should be avoided. Arrowleaf Clover can be used for hay, silage or green manure. Its tall erect growth habit makes it well suited to grass/oaten hay mixtures. Cefalu can provide high feed quality (18-22% Crude Protein) and is ideal for hay, with excellent herbage production during the spring and early summer period.

Campeda is a black seeded Sub-Clover that belongs to the Trifolium subterraneum ssp. subterraneum family. It was derived from elite lines of Sardinian germplasm and therefore is well suited to Mediterranean and temperate climates. Campeda demonstrates a prostrate to semi erect growth habit and persists well on various soil types. It has mid season maturity which makes it adaptable to medium and high rainfall environments. Campeda is a superior replacement for Woogenellup and an alternative to Goulburn or Mount Barker and is suited to regions with a 6-7 month growth period. It has been selected to provide excellent winter vigour
and has increased levels of persistence due to higher hard seed levels (29%) and superior seed yield compared to that of  Woogenellup. The hard seed levels of Campeda makes it suitable for either permanent pasture or short to medium term cropping rotations. Campeda will provide the benefits of soil nitrogen along with an effective disease break.

Bolta (Trifolium michelianum) is an annual temperate pasture legume that grows during the autumn, winter and spring periods. Bolta is a late maturing hard seeded Annual Clover that is well suited for medium to high rainfall environments. It demonstrates semi-erect growth when grown in a mixed sward situation but will remain prostrate if grown as a pure sward or grazed. Leaf size and shape can vary significantly. Bolta generally has plain leaves or leaves with a white crescent and demonstrates little pink or silver coloration as can be observed with Frontier or Paradana. Bolta can provide excellent herbage production particularly in spring conditions. It was selected for its superior late season production compared to Paradana. Seed size of Bolta is 15-20% larger than Paradana which will assist with much improved seedling vigour allowing better establishment. Bolta is an excellent pasture variety which is suited to heavy grazing, is highly digestible (14-18% crude protein) and can be used on its own or in pasture mixtures that may consist of Persian Clover, Sub-Clover, Grasses or Lucerne. Bolta provides added benefi ts as a disease break whilst also fi xing nitrogen.are herbicide resistant.

Blaza (Trifolium incarnatum) is a deep rooted, soft seeded Annual Clover that is characterised by a prominent long bright flower head which is crimson in colour. Early plant growth is prostrate becoming erect during the spring period. Blaza demonstrates excellent seedling vigour, assisting with establishment and providing good weed control. It provides superior winter growth compared to Persian Clover (Trifolium respinatum) and Balansa Clover (Trifolium michelanium). Flowering plants can grow to 60 cm tall and provide excellent herbage production. At seed maturity approximately 60% of the seeds are germinable with 95-100% germination within 2 months of harvest. This will allow plants to germinate readily following opening rains. The soft seeded nature of Blaza makes it ideal for short term rotations whilst providing the benefits of a disease break and nitrogen inputs into the soil profile.
Blaza is well adapted to various soil types and can be used as a pioneering plant, especially on acid sands. It tolerates short periods of transient water logging and is well suited to grazing, fodder production and green manuring.

Antas is a black seeded Sub-Clover that belonging to the Trifolium subterranean ssp. brachycalycinum family and was derived from elite Sardinian germplasm and therefore is well-suited to Mediterranean and temperate climates.Antas demonstrates a prostrate to semi erect growth habit and persists well on various alkaline soil types. It has mid to late season maturity and is suited to medium to high rainfall environments with a growing season of 7 months. Antas has been developed as a superior alternative to Clare with improved hard seed levels and excellent herbage production. These attributes combine to make Antas suited to either permanent pasture or medium term cropping rotations. Antas will provide the benefits of soil nitrogen along with an effective disease break.

Palestine Strawberry Clover (Trifolium fragiferum) is a large-leaved, deep-rooted, Perennial Clover that demonstrates a prostrate growth habit. It is adapted to a wide range of soil types. Palestine will provide good spring, summer and autumn production but growth during the winter period is low. Seedling vigour of plants is low and therefore will require careful management during the establishment period. Once established, Palestine will persist better under heavy grazing pressure than white clover and generally does not suffer significantly from many insects or diseases that can commonly attack other Clovers. While Palestine is generally not as productive as other Clover species it is one of the best Clovers to tolerate waterlogged, saline and alkaline environments, and is an excellent alternative crop for these conditions.